Sentencing guidelines - Orders Ancillary to Sentence

21 June 2024

The King v Michael Beattie

In this judgment the Court of Appeal provides guidance on the imposition of Sexual Offences Prevention Orders (SOPOs) at paragraphs [18] and [37].

Appeal against imposition of a SOPO – sexual activity with a child between the age of 13 and 16 - causing or inciting a child between the age of 13 and 16 to engage in sexual activity - SOPO made for five years and prohibited any contact with children under 16 of either gender or the victim who is now over 18 - whether SOPO wrong in principle and terms disproportionate - breadth of order as originally framed infringed the appellant’s family life disproportionately to risk he can be found to pose to children - substituted SOPO of same duration of five years with conditions considered necessary and proportionate – principles at paragraph [18] to be applied by judges considering imposition of SOPO in this jurisdiction - SOPO’s must be tailored to circumstances of each case and cannot be presented in formulaic way to avoid disproportionate orders being made - practitioners and judges must be cognisant of the high threshold required when considering the imposition of a SOPO - appeal allowed.

10 November 2023

R v Laurence Creaney

The Court of Appeal sets out and endorses the legal principles and guidance contained in R v Tolera [1999] 1 Cr App R 29 and R v Underwood & Others [2005] 1 Cr App R 13 in respect of the interrelated considerations of pleas, basis of pleas and Newton hearings.

Renewed application for leave to appeal a sentence of three years imprisonment – arson – whether sentence manifestly excessive –whether the judge erred in rejecting the coercion claim – disparity – whether a non-custodial sentence should have been imposed – leave refused – sentence affirmed.

16 March 2023

King v Nathan Phair and King v Padraig Toher

In this judgment the Court of Appeal provides guidance on the credit to be given for a late guilty plea where upon arraignment further evidence is outstanding.

Toher - Renewed application for leave to appeal a sentence of 12 years imprisonment - manslaughter – GBI by dangerous driving x 2 – doing an act intending to pervert the course of justice – conspiracy to possess a class A drug (cocaine) – whether the judge’s end point before reduction for the plea of guilty was manifestly excessive – whether the judge was wrong in principle to impose a sentence of four years for the drug offence and three years for perverting the course of justice – whether the judge provided sufficient reduction for the guilty plea – leave granted – appeal allowed - sentence reduced to 11 years to reflect the early guilty plea and remorse – driving disqualification of 10 years untouched

Phair - application to appeal a sentence of 11 years imprisonment and 15 year driving disqualification with leave of the single judge as to starting point – causing death by dangerous driving – causing GBI by dangerous driving – causing death by driving whilst unlicenced and uninsured – causing GBI by driving whilst unlicenced and uninsured – supplying a class A drug (cocaine) – whether the starting point of 13 years before mitigation was manifestly excessive – whether the court provided enough by way of mitigation - whether the drug offence was over sentenced – whether the 15 year driving disqualification was excessive – appeal dismissed save the period of disqualification reduced to 10 years.

18 May 2022

R v Maughan (Appellant) (Northern Ireland)

This is a judgment given by Sir Declan Morgan in the Supreme Court which reaffirms the different approach in this jurisdiction (from E&W and Scotland) to the question of the reduction for a guilty plea in circumstances where the offender has essentially been apprehended in flagrante.

27 May 2020

R v McGrath

Common assault and breach of restraining order – Violent Offender Prevention Order (‘VOPO’) – clarification concerning ‘qualifying offences’ for the making of a VOPO.

16 May 2019

R v QD Director of Public Prosecution's Reference (Number 6 of 2019)

Reference by DPP NI under S. 36 Criminal Justice Act 1988 as amended by S. 41(5) Justice (NI) Act 2002 – whether sentence of 5 months’ custody unduly lenient - sexual assault of a child under 13 contrary to Article 14 of the Sexual Offences (NI) Order 2008 – whether failure to impose a SOPO unduly lenient – sentence quashed and SOPO imposed.

20 December 2018

R v CZ

Sexual offence prevention orders - applications made to Crown Court in respect of variations, renewals and discharge, and appeals thereafter to the Court of Appeal - demarcation between appeals in respect of SOPOs imposed as part of sentence and appeals in respect of variations, renewals and discharges - need for SOPO's to be carefully formulated

16 March 2016

R v Sean Ruddy

Possession of explosives with intent to endanger life or cause serious injury to property contrary to s. 3(1)(b) of the Explosive Substances Act 1883 - reiteration of principles governing guilty pleas – need for counsel to correct any misapprehension on court’s part as to timing of guilty plea –recourse to be had to the ‘slip rule’ under s. 49(2) of the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978 when appropriate – sentence left undisturbed.

22 May 2015

R v Donna McCool and Michael Harkin

False accounting contrary to s. 17(1)(a) Theft Act (NI) 1969 - false statements contrary to s. 105A(1) of the Social Security Administration (NI) Act 1992 – imposition of confiscation orders – whether court had jurisdiction order under POCA 2002 – whether amounts confiscated proportionate – Held that 2002 Act applied but amounts disproportionate and new amounts substituted.

25 March 2015

R v Gerard McCormick

Sexual activity with a child – 3 year determinate sentence comprising 18 months’ imprisonment and 18 on licence – 5 year SOPO – Sentencing Court’s reliance on Sentencing Council Guidelines – guidance from decided authorities in NI more reliable than Council Guidelines - 2 year sentence substituted – 12 & 12 – whether SOPO proportionate – that issue remitted to trial court to reconsider.

21 January 2015

R v Gabriel Mackle

Convictions under s. 3(1)(b) of the Explosive Substances Act 1883, and article 58(1) of the Firearms (Northern Ireland) Order 2004 – whether forfeiture order in respect of motorbike lawful – title to the item subject to hire purchase in brother’s name - nemo dat quod non habet – order quashed.

18 December 2014

R v Michael Simpson

Possession of indecent child images contrary to Article 3 of the Protection of Children (Northern Ireland) Order 1978 – SOPO made under s.104 Sexual Offences Act 2003 – whether SOPO terms oppressive/disproportionate.

17 May 2013

R v Gary McKeown; DPP Ref (No 2 of 2013) and R v Han Lin

Appeal against sentence and DPP's Reference - review of authorities on supply and production of drugs - consideration of definitive guideline from England & Wales - guideline deemed useful for aggravating and mitigating factors and serious/culpability - less applicable however in this jurisdiction on starting points and ranges where flexibility required - different approach needed for very large quantities - R v. McIlwaine [1998] NICA reaffirmed in this regard.

17 May 2013

Queen v Gary McKeown, Director of Public Prosecution’s Reference (Number 2 of 2013), The Queen v Han Lin

15 March 2013

R v Leonard Henry Warwick

Money laundering offences, forgery, VAT fraud, mortgage fraud and deception - bank accounts in Isle of Man and NI - false identification and documents - whether confiscation order should have included accounts in own name or in fictional names - whether fruits of the accounts not enjoyed - most of monies going to others involved in the criminal enterprise.

29 June 2012

R v David Edwin Allingham and Freda Elizabeth Allingham and R v John McKenna

This is not a judgment but a summary of the judgment highlighting the sentencing guidance aspect of it. A link to the judgment is provided within the document.

Application for leave to appeal against Confiscation Orders and imprisonment - controlled waste kept in manner likely to cause pollution of environment or harm to human health and in or on land otherwise than under or in accordance with a Waste Management Licence - landfill tax - McKenna imprisonment appeal allowed and three years substituted for five - appeals by Allinghams and McKenna against confiscation orders in respect of benefit and evasion of tax dismissed - prosecution appeal allowed and confiscation order varied upward.

16 December 2011

R v James John Stewart Caswell

Causing grievous bodily injury by dangerous driving – need for sentencing court to establish factual basis of plea – proper approach to use of Guidelines – culpability rarely judged by consequence being serious injury rather than death.

30 June 2011

R v Aidan Grew and Hilary Patrick McLaughlin and R v Patrick Mackle, Plunkett Mackle and Benedict Mackle

Fraudulent evasion of duty contrary to section 170(2) of the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979 - cigarette smuggling operations - whether trial judges erred in imposing confiscation order – appropriateness of custodial sentences for these offences.

24 February 2006

Gary McDonald, John Keith McDonald and Stephen Gary Maternaghan, Attorney General's Reference (Number 1 of 2006) (AG REF 11-13 of 2005)

Guilty pleas - need to plead at earliest opportunity.

11 November 2005

Bernard Philip Mary Rooney, Denis Michael Dorrian, Gerard Martin Paul Irvine, Seamus Patrick Cunningham and Sean Martin Joseph Doran. Attorney General's Reference (No. 1 of 2005) (AG Ref 6-10 of 2005)

This is the guideline judgment which authoritatively lays down correct procedure to be followed in this jurisdiction when a sentencing indication is sought by a defendant.