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This is a short addendum ruling correcting an error in sentencing within the main judgment reported at [2024] NICC 30 . Determinate custodial sentences were replaced with extended custodial sentences where necessary
[2024] NICC 36 O'Hara J
Crown Court sentencing remarks – catfishing – sextortion - manslaughter - causing or inciting girls under 13 and between the age of 13 and 16 to engage in sexual activity – blackmail – making, distributing and possessing indecent images of children – causing a person to engage in sexual activity without consent - intimidation - sexual communication with a child - offending against 70 victims worldwide – harm inevitably and indisputably huge – assessed as presenting a significant risk of serious harm – victim did not prove on the balance of probabilities that he was the victim of catfishing as a child – no previous record – pleas of guilty – some limited evidence of remorse post 2019 – numerous aggravating factors outlined at para [77] - extensive and worsening offending after his first arrest in 2016 – life sentence imposed – 20 year minimum tariff imposed with concurrent sentences in respect of the remaining counts – 10 year SOPO – disqualified from working with children – disposal order in respect of 13 devices
[2024] NICC 30 O'Hara J
The Court of Appeal provides assistance in relation to online blackmail and sextortion (see in particular paragraphs [66] and [111]-[114])
Renewed application for leave to appeal an extended custodial sentence of six years imprisonment and four years extended licence – various sexual offences - indecent images - disclosure of private sexual photographs and films with intent to cause distress - online blackmail – sextortion - whether the starting point of nine years and the four year extension period were manifestly excessive – whether the SOPO was necessary and contrary to principle – right form of sentence attached to the wrong offences – overall sentence affirmed – leave to appeal granted – sentence restructured - appeal allowed to the extent of setting aside the invalid orders and substituting the sentences outlined in paragraph [116].
The Crown Court judgment can be located at [2023] NICC 15
Appeal against sentence - historic sexual abuse - discretionary life sentence - whether necessary to make finding of unstable character - whether offences sufficiently grave - whether likely future offending must be sex offences - whether alternative protective sentence could be imposed - appeal dismissed.
[2016] NICA 21 Weatherup LJ
Appeal against sentence – rape contrary to Article 5(1) of the Sexual Offences (NI) Order 2008 (19 years’ imprisonment) and attempted rape (15 years) plus 46 other counts (9 counts of gross indecency 2 years’ imprisonment, 9 of common assault 12 months, 8 of false imprisonment 9 years, 4 of threats to kill 9 years, 7 of indecent assault 9 years and 9 of cruelty to children 7 years all concurrent – whether sentence wrong in principle/manifestly excessive having regard to the Sentencing Council Guidelines and NI Guidelines – whether there had been inadequate deduction because of delay - whether there had been a failure to have regard to the absence of offending from 2004 – McCaughey and Smith approach to Sentencing Council Guidelines reaffirmed and appeal dismissed.
2015 NICA 67 Weatherup LJ
Manslaughter on ground of diminished responsibility and 2 X possession of a firearm with intent – planned killing of offender’s father – impaired judgement – assessed as presenting further risk of serious harm – whether life sentence necessary – whether ICS adequately considered – whether 10 yr. tariff appropriate – whether conclusion that responsibility was relatively high correct – fresh medical evidence received on appeal establishing lower culpability – ICS with specified period of 7 years substituted for manslaughter and two with specified period of 4 for firearms convictions.
2015 NICA 57 Morgan LCJ
Sexual activity with a child – 3 year determinate sentence comprising 18 months’ imprisonment and 18 on licence – 5 year SOPO – Sentencing Court’s reliance on Sentencing Council Guidelines – guidance from decided authorities in NI more reliable than Council Guidelines - 2 year sentence substituted – 12 & 12 – whether SOPO proportionate – that issue remitted to trial court to reconsider.
2015 NICA 14 Morgan LCJ
Burglary – attempted burglary – obstruction – limited relevance/applicability of Guidelines from Sentencing Guidelines Council in E&W – including cases of sexual offending.
[2014] NICA 61 Morgan LCJ
Appeal against sentence and DPP's Reference - review of authorities on supply and production of drugs - consideration of definitive guideline from England & Wales - guideline deemed useful for aggravating and mitigating factors and serious/culpability - less applicable however in this jurisdiction on starting points and ranges where flexibility required - different approach needed for very large quantities - R v. McIlwaine [1998] NICA reaffirmed in this regard.
[2013] NICA 28 Morgan LCJ
In this judgment the Court of Appeal adopts the sentencing guidelines on indecent images issued by the English Court of Appeal in R v Oliver & Others [2002] EWCA Crim 2766.
AG’s Reference – 30 counts of making an indecent image of a child – sentenced to three years’ probation on each count to run concurrently with a condition to participate in a sex offenders programme – offending commenced when defendant was 15 - special circumstances advanced before the court that the defendant was corrupted as a child and his offending was the product of that corruption – court held rehabilitative sentence justified in this case – sentence not unduly lenient – appeal dismissed.
(The Court of Appeal in King v Andrew Maxwell [2023] NICA 21 has reaffirmed both these cases as the settled sentencing authorities in the area of indecent images of children.)
Conditions justifying the imposition of discretionary life sentences.
[2004] NICA 11 Kerr LCJ